A brief summary of missing data

Acanthaceae ptyxis, cuticular waxes, integument thickness, endotesta

Achariaceae nodes, ptyxis, cuticular waxes, tapetum, microsporogenesis, stigma type, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, endotegmen, germination

Achatocarpaceae nodes, hairs unicellular, ptyxis, petiole bundles, tapetum, microsporogenesis, pollen ?-cellular, stigma type, micropyle, megagametophyte, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, megasporogenesis, testa, tegmen, chlorophyll, germination

Acoraceae axial parenchyma, ptyxis, cuticular waxes, infratectum, stigma type, embryogenesis, exotesta, endotegmen

Actinidiaceae staminodia, pistillodium, endosperm haustoria, endotesta

Adoxaceae cuticular waxes, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, endotesta

Aextoxicaceae sieve tube plastids, cuticular waxes, tapetum, microsporogenesis, pollen ?-cellular, exine, stigma type, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, chlorophyll, germination

Agapanthaceae lateral pits, axial parenchyma, nodes, laticifers, hairs, cuticular waxes, infratectum, micropyle, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, germination

Agavaceae phellogen, lateral pits, wood rays, axial parenchyma, nodes, ptyxis, cuticular waxes, infratectum, pistillodium, micropyle

Agdestidaceae nodes, raphides, hairs, petiole bundles, stigma type, ovule ?-tropous, micropyle, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, testa, tegmen, germination

Aizoaceae lateral pits, axial parenchyma, ptyxis, pistillodium, endosperm haustoria

Akaniaceae sieve tube plastids, petiole bundles, stigma type, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, chlorophyll

Alismataceae lateral pits, nodes, micropyle in Alismatoideae, endosperm haustoria, perisperm – phylogeny

Alliaceae lateral pits, axial parenchyma, nodes, ptyxis, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, germination

Alseuosmiaceae sieve tube plastids, cuticular waxes, microsporogenesis, stigma type, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, endotesta, chlorophyll, germination

Alstroemeriaceae lateral pits, axial parenchyma, nodes, ptyxis, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, exotesta, endotesta, chlorophyll, germination

Altingiaceae imperforate tracheary elements, nodes, crystals, cuticular waxes, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, tegmen, chlorophyll

Alzateaceae lateral pits, sieve tube plastids, ptyxis, cuticular waxes, anthers versatile, tapetum, microsporogenesis, stigma type, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, chlorophyll, germination

Amaranthaceae ptyxis, integument thickness

Amaryllidaceae lateral pits, axial parenchyma, nodes, micropyle, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, germination

Amborellaceae phellogen, tracheids septate, crystals, ptyxis, nectary, tapetum, pollen grains ?-cellular, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, chlorophyll

Anacampserotaceae phellogen, vessel elements, lateral pits, imperforate tracheary elements, wood rays, axial parenchyma, sieve tube plastids, nodes, phytoferritin, ptyxis, petiole bundles, venation, cuticular waxes, nectary, integument thickness, filiform apparatus, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, endotesta, tegmen, germination

Anacardiaceae petiole bundles, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, endotesta, exotegmen

Anarthriaceae lateral pits, axial parenchyma, sieve tube plastids, nodes, ptyxis, cuticular waxes, tapetum, microsporogenesis, stigma type, micropyle, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, testa, tegmen, chlorophyll, hypocotyl internode, mesocotyl, cotyledon hyperphyll, coleoptile, plumule, collar hairs, germination

Ancistrocladaceae cortical bundles, lateral pits, nectary, tapetum, microsporogenesis, pollen grains ?-cellular, stigma type, micropyle, megagametophyte, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, exotesta, endotesta, tegmen, chlorophyll

Anemarrhenaceae vessels, lateral pits, axial parenchyma, nodes, hairs, ptyxis, cuticular waxes, stigma type, micropyle, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, chlorophyll, germination

Anisophylleaceae phellogen, cambial stratification, imperforate tracheary elements, hairs, ptyxis, petiole bundles, anthers versatile?, stigma type, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, chlorophyll

Annonaceae ptyxis, nectary, obturator, endosperm haustoria, exotesta

Anthericaceae lateral pits, axial parenchyma, nodes, hairs, ptyxis, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, endotesta, tegmen – phylogeny

Aphanopetalaceae lateral pits, sieve tube plastids, crystals, ptyxis, petiole bundles, venation, cuticular waxes, nectary, tapetum, microsporogenesis, infratectum, stigma type, pistillodium, integument thickness, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, testa, tegmen, endosperm, chlorophyll, germination

Aphloiaceae nodes, crystals, ptyxis, cuticular waxes, infratectum, megagametophyte, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, chlorophyll, germination

Aphyllanthaceae lateral pits, axial parenchyma, nodes, infratectum, micropyle, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, chlorophyll, germination

Apiaceae vestured pits, ptyxis, cuticular waxes, integument thickness

Apocynaceae petiole bundles, cuticular waxes, endotesta

Apodanthaceae imperforate tracheary elements, axial parenchyma, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, exotestal cells, endotesta, endotegmen, chlorophyll, cotyledons, germination

Aponogetonaceae lateral pits, axial parenchyma, sieve tube plastids, nodes, micropyle, endosperm haustoria

Aptandraceae sieve tube plastids, pistil type, integument thickness, embryogenesis, testa, tegmen, chlorophyll

Araceae lateral pits, axial parenchyma

Araliaceae ptyxis, petiole bundles, endotesta

Arecaceae phellogen, lateral pits, wood rays, axial parenchyma, nodes, tegmen

Argophyllaceae sieve tube plastids, cuticular waxes, microsporogenesis, infratectum, aril, endotesta, chlorophyll, germination

Aristolochiaceae endosperm haustoria

Asaraceae wood rays, embryogenesis, endosperm haustoria

Asparagaceae phellogen, lateral pits, wood rays, axial parenchyma, nodes, hairs, ptyxis, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, germination

Asphodelaceae phellogen, lateral pits, wood rays, axial parenchyma, nodes, ptyxis, endosperm haustoria, endotesta, tegmen, germination

Asteliaceae lateral pits, axial parenchyma, nodes, ptyxis, infratectum, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, endotesta, chlorophyll, germination

Asteropeiaceae hairs, ptyxis, stomata paracytic, tapetum, microsporogenesis, pollen grains ?-cellular, stigma type, tenuinucellate, micropyle, integument thickness, megagametophyte, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, testa, tegmen, chlorophyll, germination

Atherospermataceae imperforate tracheary elements, crystals, petiole bundles, cuticular waxes, nectariferous disc, stigma type, pistillodium, micropyle, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, exotesta, mesotesta crushed?, endotesta tracheidal?, chlorophyll, germination

Austrobaileyaceae phellogen, tapetum, endosperm development, embryogenesis, chlorophyll

Balanopaceae crystals, ptyxis, petiole bundles, tapetum, microsporogenesis, stigma type, unitegmic, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis

Balanophoraceae imperforate tracheary elements, axial parenchyma, nodes, hairs, tapetum, staminodia, stigma type, chlorophyll

Balsaminaceae phellogen, lateral pits, imperforate tracheary elements, axial parenchyma, cuticular waxes, aril, endotesta, tegmen

Barbeuiaceae hairs, ptyxis, petiole bundles, cuticular waxes, anthers versatile?, stigma type, micropyle, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, exotesta, endotesta, tegmen, germination

Barbeyaceae phellogen, mucilage cells, cuticular waxes, tapetum, microsporogenesis, pollen ?-cellular, stigma type, micropyle, integument thickness, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, aril, endotesta, chlorophyll, germination

Basellaceae lateral pits, imperforate tracheary elements, wood rays, axial parenchyma, nodes, CAM photosynthesis, petiole bundles, stigma type, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, exotegmen

Bataceae nodes, crystals, ptyxis, microsporogenesis, stigma type, megagametophyte, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, testa, tegmen, chlorophyll

Begoniaceae cuticular waxes, endosperm haustoria, endotesta, tegmen, chlorophyll

Behniaceae phellogen, lateral pits, axial parenchyma, nodes, hairs, cuticular waxes, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, chlorophyll, germination

Berberidaceae endosperm haustoria

Berberidopsidaceae sieve tube plastids, cuticular waxes, tapetum, staminodia, microsporogenesis, pollen grains ?-cellular, stigma type, megagametophyte, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, chlorophyll, germination

Betulaceae cuticular waxes, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, testa, tegmen

Biebersteiniaceae vessel elements, lateral pits, imperforate tracheary elements, axial parenchyma, sieve tube plastids, nodes, crystals, ptyxis, petiole bundles, cuticular waxes, stigma type, micropyle, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, chlorophyll, germination

Bignoniaceae vestured pits, integument thickness, embryogenesis, aril, testa

Bixaceae nodes, mucilage cells, cuticular waxes, stigma type, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria

Blandfordiaceae lateral pits, axial parenchyma, nodes, cuticular waxes, exine, infratectum, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, endotesta, tegmen, chlorophyll

Bonnetiaceae tapetum, microsporogenesis, pollen ?-cellular, exine, infratectum, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, endotegmen, chlorophyll

Borthwickiaceae phellogen, secondary lateral growth, vessel elements, lateral pits, vestured pits, imperforate tracheary xylem elements, wood rays, axial parenchyma, sieve tube plastids, nodes, myrosin cells, crystals hairs, ptyxis, petiole vascular bundle transection, stomata, cuticular waxes, aestivation, anthers, tapetum, microsporogenesis, infratectum, stigma type, ovules, micropyle, integument thickness, megagametophyte, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, testa, tegmen, endosperm, chlorophyll, germination

Boraginaceae ptyxis, cuticular waxes

Boryaceae lateral pits, axial parenchyma, nodes, hairs, ptyxis, cuticular waxes, exine sculpturing, stigma type, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, endotesta, chlorophyll, germination

Brassicaceae leaf traces, pistillodium

Bromeliaceae phellogen, lateral pits, wood rays, axial parenchyma, nodes, outer integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, tegmen, germination

Brunelliaceae phellogen, sieve tube plastids, domatia, tapetum, microsporogenesis, stigma type, micropyle, outer integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, chlorophyll

Bruniaceae ptyxis, tapetum, microsporogenesis, integument thickness, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, endotesta, chlorophyll

Burmanniaceae endodermis, lateral pores, axial parenchyma, nodes, hairs, ptyxis, stigma type, integument thickness, embryogenesis, endotesta, chlorophyll, germination

Burseraceae cuticular waxes, stigma type, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, tegmen

Butomaceae lateral pits, axial parenchyma, ptyxis, micropyle, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, endotesta

Buxaceae endosperm haustoria, tegmen

Byblidaceae phellogen, cuticular waxes, exine, infratectum, stigma type, integument thickness, endotesta, chlorophyll

Cabombaceae root cap enlarged, primary xylem development mesarch, axial parenchyma, crystals, petiole bundle, chlorophyll

Cactaceae lateral pits, wood rays, petiole bundles, pistillodium, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis

Calceolariaceae phellogen, vessel elements, lateral pits, vestured pits, imperforate tracheary elements, wood rays, axial parenchyma, sieve tube plastids, nodes, crystals, ptyxis, stomata, cuticular waxes, tapetum, microsporogenesis, exine, infratectum, stigma type, ovules anatropous, endosperm haustoria, aril, exotesta, endotesta, embryo, chlorophyll, germination

Calophyllaceae crystals, infratectum, pistillodium, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, endotegmen

Calycanthaceae cuticular waxes, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis

Calyceraceae phellogen, ptyxis, petiole bundles, chlorophyll, germination

Campanulaceae ptyxis

Campynemataceae lateral pits, axial parenchyma, sieve tube plastids, nodes, ptyxis, cuticular waxes, exine, infratectum, stigma type, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, chlorophyll, germination

Canellaceae vestured pits, ptyxis, stigma type, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, chlorophyll, germination

Cannabaceae petiole bundles, cuticular waxes, domatia, endosperm haustoria, endotesta, tegmen

Cannaceae lateral pits, axial parenchyma, nodes, tapetum, pollen ?-cellular, integument thickness, micropylar collar, endosperm haustoria, chlorophyll, germination

Caprifoliaceae petiole bundles, endosperm haustoria, exotesta, endotesta

Cardiopteridaceae ptyxis, cuticular waxes, stigma type, micropyle, embryogenesis

Caricaceae phellogen, lateral pits, imperforate tracheary elements, wood rays, nodes, petiole bundles, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria

Carlemanniaceae lateral pits, vestured pits, imperforate tracheary elements, wood rays, axial parenchyma, nodes, ptyxis, petiole bundles, tapetum, microsporogenesis, pollen ?-cellular, stigma type, integument thickness, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, aril, endotesta, chlorophyll, germination

Caryocaraceae ptyxis, petiole bundles, microsporogenesis, stigma type, megagametophyte, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, exotegmen, endotegman, chlorophyll

Caryophyllaceae petiole bundles, exotegmen

Casuarinaceae ptyxis, cuticular waxes, microsporogenesis, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, tegmen, chlorophyll

Centroplacaceae imperforate tracheary elements, sieve tube plastids, cuticular waxes, tapetum, microsporogenesis, pollen ?-cellular, stigma type, bitegmic?, crassinucellate?, megagametophyte, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, endotesta, chlorophyll

Cephalotaceae axial parenchyma, crystals, ptyxis, venation, cuticular waxes, microsporogenesis, stigma type, outer integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, tegmen, chlorophyll

Ceratophyllaceae nodes, crystals, ptyxis, petiole bundles

Cercidiphyllaceae node leaf traces, petiole bundles, endosperm haustoria

Chloranthaceae phellogen, endosperm haustoria, chlorophyll

Chrysobalanaceae cuticular waxes, exine, infratectum, sculpturing, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, chlorophyll

Circaeasteraceae imperforate tracheary elements, axial parenchyma, sieve tube plastids, crystals, ptyxis, petiole bundles, stigma type, chlorophyll, germination

Cistaceae secretory canals, endosperm haustoria

Clethraceae cuticular waxes, integument thickness, chlorophyll

Clusiaceae infratectum, pistillodia, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, endotegmen

Cochlospermaceae phellogen, crystals, cuticular waxes, stigma type, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, endotegmen, chlorophyll

Colchicaceae lateral pits, axial parenchyma, nodes, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, chlorophyll, germination

Columelliaceae pollen ?-cellular, stigma type, endosperm development (Columellia), endosperm haustoria (Columellia), embryogenesis, aril, endotesta, chlorophyll, germination

Combretaceae staminodia, pistillodium, exotesta, endotegmen

Commelinaceae lateral pits, axial parenchyma, nodes, exotegmen

Connaraceae ptyxis, petiole bundles, tapetum, microsporogenesis, pollen ?-cellular, infratectum, stigma type, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, endotesta, embryo, chlorophyll – phylogeny

Convolvulaceae petiole bundles, cuticular waxes, endosperm haustoria, endotesta

Coriariaceae hairs, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, chlorophyll

Cornaceae nodes (Cornus), cuticular waxes, pistillodium, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis

Corsiaceae axial parenchyma, sieve tube plastids, tapetum, stigma type, micropyle, nucellar cap, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, endotesta, tegmen, chlorophyll, germination

Corynocarpaceae nodes, cuticular waxes, tapetum, microsporogenesis, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, tegmen, chlorophyll

Costaceae lateral pits, axial parenchyma, nodes, cuticular waxes, inner integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, chlorophyll, germination

Coulaceae sieve tube plastids, Garside’s rule, stigma type, micropyle, integument thickness, exotesta, endotesta, tegmen, chlorophyll, germination

Crossosomataceae petiole bundles, cuticular waxes, staminodia, infratectum, stigma type, pistillodium, endosperm haustoria, chlorophyll

Crypteroniaceae sieve tube plastids, ptyxis, cuticular waxes, nectary, staminodia, microsporogenesis, stigma type, pistillodium, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, chlorophyll, germination

Ctenolophonaceae phellogen, sieve tube plastids, ptyxis, tapetum, staminodes, microsporogenesis, pollen ?-cellular, stigma type, micropyle, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, endotesta, endotegmen, chlorophyll, germination

Cucurbitaceae cambial stratification, ptyxis, seed operculum

Cunoniaceae ptyxis, staminodia, pistillodium, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, endotesta, exotegmen, chlorophyll

Curtisiaceae phellogen, imperforate tracheary elements, sieve tube plastids, cuticular waxes, stigma type, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, exotesta, endotesta, chlorophyll, germination

Cyclanthaceae lateral pits, wood rays, axial parenchyma, nodes, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, tegmen, chlorophyll

Cymodoceaceae axial parenchyma, nodes, crystals, ptyxis, pistillodium, micropyle, integument thickness, megagametophyte, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, tegmen, perisperm?, chlorophyll, germination

Cynomoriaceae lateral pits, imperforate tracheary elements, axial parenchyma, sieve tube plastids, leaf venation, cuticular waxes, aestivation, stigma type, nucellar cap, megagametophyte?, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, chlorophyll, germination

Cyperaceae lateral pits, axial parenchyma, nodes, plumule, germination

Cyrillaceae cuticular waxes, embryogenesis, chlorophyll, germination

Cytinaceae imperforate tracheary elements, axial parenchyma, nodes, crystals, venation, cuticular waxes, tapetum, staminodia, microsporogenesis, stigma type, endosperm haustoria, chlorophyll, germination

Daphniphyllaceae phellogen, nodes, petiole bundles, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, exotegmen, chlorophyll

Dasypogonaceae phellogen, lateral pits, wood rays, axial parenchyma, nodes, ptyxis, tapetum, pollen ?-cellular, infratectum, stigma type, inner integument thickness, filiform apparatus, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, tegmen, perisperm, chlorophyll, coleoptile, germination

Datiscaceae wood rays, axial parenchyma, crystals, colleters, extrafloral nectaries, petiole bundles, cuticular waxes, sculpturing, endosperm haustoria, endotesta, endotegmen, chlorophyll

Degeneriaceae cortical vascular tissue, ptyxis, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, chlorophyll

Diapensiaceae lateral pits, imperforate tracheary elements, axial parenchyma, crystals, ptyxis, cuticular waxes, embryogenesis, aril, endotesta, chlorophyll, germination

Dichapetalaceae sieve tube plastids, nodes, ptyxis, cuticular waxes, pollen bicellular?, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, endotesta, tegmen – phylogeny

Didiereaceae nodes, ptyxis, stomata, tapetum, stigma type, micropyle, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, testa, tegmen, chlorophyll

Didymelaceae phellogen, sieve tube plastids, nodes, crystals, ptyxis, cuticular waxes, tapetum, staminodia, microsporogenesis, pollen ?-cellular, carpel plicate, stigma type, pistillodium, integument thickness, megagametophyte, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, tegmen, chlorophyll, germination

Diervillaceae crystals, cuticular waxes, tapetum, integument thickness, megagametophyte, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, exotesta, endotesta, germination

Dilleniaceae petiole bundles, cuticular waxes, endosperm haustoria, perisperm

Dioncophyllaceae nodes, crystals, pollen ?-cellular, micropyle, integument thickness, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, aril, testa, tegmen, chlorophyll, germination – phylogeny

Dioscoreaceae lateral pits, axial parenchyma, nodes, inner integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, aril, germination

Dipentodontaceae phellogen, sieve tube plastids, nodes, crystals, ptyxis, petiole bundles, venation, stomata, cuticular waxes, tapetum, staminodia, pollen ?-celled, exine, infratectum, exine sculpturing, stigma type, pistillodium, bitegmic?, crassinucellar?, micropyle, integument thickness, megagametophyte, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, aril, tegmen, endosperm, chlorophyll, germination

Dipsacaceae lateral pits, axial parenchyma, sieve tube plastids, ptyxis, petiole bundles, cuticular waxes, exotesta, endotesta

Dipterocarpaceae cuticular waxes, stigma type, endosperm haustoria, exotesta, endotesta, endotegmen

Dirachmaceae deciduous, sieve tube plastids, nodes, ptyxis, cuticular waxes, microsporogenesis, pollen ?-cellular, stigma type, embryogenesis, chlorophyll, germination

Doryanthaceae vessels, axial parenchyma, nodes, hairs, ptyxis, micropyle, inner integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, chlorophyll, coleoptile, germination

Droseraceae phellogen, lateral pits, imperforate tracheary elements, axial parenchyma, crystals, venation, nectary, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, chlorophyll

Drosophyllaceae sieve tube plastids, nodes, crystals, venation, stomata, cuticular waxes, leaf margin, nectary, tapetum, microsporogenesis, stigma type, megagametophyte, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, chlorophyll

Ebenaceae endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, tegmen

Ecdeiocoleaceae lateral pits, axial parenchyma, nodes, microhairs, ptyxis, cuticular waxes, mesophyll with fusoid cells?, pollen ?-cellular, integument thickness, nucellar cap, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, endotesta, tegmen, endosperm starchy?, embryo, chlorophyll, hypocotyl, hypocotyl internode, mesocotyl, cotyledon hyperphyll, coleoptile, plumule, collar hairs, germination

Elaeagnaceae cuticular waxes, mucilage cells, micropyle, embryogenesis, endotesta, tegmen

Elaeocarpaceae ptyxis, pistillodium, endosperm haustoria

Elatinaceae crystals, ptyxis, petiole bundles, cuticular waxes, stigma type, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, testa, endotegmen, chlorophyll

Emblingiaceae imperforate tracheary elements, axial parenchyma, sieve tube plastids, nodes, crystals, hairs, ptyxis, petiole bundles, venation, cuticular waxes, anthers basifixed?, versatile, tapetum, microsporogenesis, exine, ovule ?-tropous, bitegmic?, crassinucellate?, micropyle, integument thickness, megagametophyte, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, exotesta, endotesta, tegmen, chlorophyll, germination

Eriocaulaceae lateral pits, axial parenchyma, nodes, ptyxis, infratectum, testal operculum, exotegmen, chlorophyll, collar hairs, germination

Erythropalaceae sieve tube plastids, cuticular waxes, tapetum, microsporogenesis, stigma type, micropyle, integument thickness, endosperm haustorium, embryogenesis, testa, tegmen, chlorophyll, germination

Erythroxylaceae hairs, petiole bundles, endosperm haustoria, endotesta

Escalloniaceae cuticular waxes, embryogenesis, chlorophyll, germination

Eucommiaceae crystals, stigma type, endosperm haustoria, exotestal cells, endotesta, chlorophyll

Euphorbiaceae petiole bundles, endosperm haustoria, endotegmen

Euphroniaceae phellogen, sieve tube plastids, nodes, crystals, stomata, cuticular waxes, tapetum, microsporogenesis, pollen ?-cellular, exine, infratectum, sculpturing, megagametophyte, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, testa, tegmen, embryo, chlorophyll, cotyledons, germination

Eupomatiaceae phellogen, cortical vascular tissue, secondary phloem, crystals, ptyxis, cuticular waxes, stigma type, obturator, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, chlorophyll

Eupteleaceae petiole bundles, endosperm haustoria, chlorophyll

Fabaceae pistillodium

Fagaceae cuticular waxes, micropyle, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, testa, tegmen

Flagellariaceae lateral pits, axial parenchyma, nodes, multicellular microhairs, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, endotesta, tegmen, chlorophyll, hypocotyl, hypocotyl internode, mesocotyl, cotyledon hyperphyll, plumule, germination

Fouquieriaceae ptyxis, petiole bundles, microsporogenesis, stigma type, aril, chlorophyll

Francoaceae infratectum, pistillodium, integument thickness, nucellar cap, endosperm haustoria

Frankeniaceae lateral pits, axial parenchyma, nodes, crystals, ptyxis, petiole bundles, venation, median carpel abaxial?, exotegmen, perisperm

Garryaceae stigma type (Aucuba), endosperm haustoria

Geissolomataceae sieve tube plastids, ptyxis, microsporogenesis, pollen ?-cellular, stigma type, micropyle, endosperm development, embryogenesis, tegmen, chlorophyll, germination

Gelsemiaceae phellogen, ptyxis, petiole bundles, cuticular waxes, nectary, tapetum, microsporogenesis, pollen ?-cellular, stigma type, integument thickness, megagametophyte, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, exotesta, endotesta, chlorophyll, germination

Gentianaceae petiole bundles, cuticular waxes, endosperm haustoria, endotesta

Geraniaceae endosperm haustoria

Gerrardinaceae phellogen, vessel elements, axial parenchyma, sieve tube plastids, nodes, crystals, hairs, ptyxis, stipules, stomata, cuticular waxes, tapetum, microsporogenesis, pollen ?-celled, stigma type, bitegmic?, crassinucellate?, micropyle, megagametophyte, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, exotestal cells, endotesta, tegmen, endosperm, chlorophyll, germination

Gesneriaceae vestured pits, cuticular waxes, pistillodium

Gisekiaceae phellogen, vessel elements, imperforate tracheary elements, axial parenchyma, sieve tube plastids, nodes, hairs, ptyxis, petiole bundles, stomata, cuticular waxes, inflorescences axillary, anthers introrse, stigmas, micropyle, inner integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, testa, tegmen, chlorophyll, germination

Glaucidiaceae phellogen, wood rays, nodes, crystals, hairs, anthers extrorse, tapetum glandular, microsporogenesis, endosperm haustoria, tegmen collapsed, endosperm starchy, chlorophyll, germination

Gomortegaceae ptyxis, petiole bundle, cuticular waxes, stigma type, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, chlorophyll, germination

Goodeniaceae ptyxis, petiole bundles, cuticular waxes, chlorophyll – phylogeny

Goupiaceae ptyxis, pollen ?-cellular, exine, stigma type, micropyle, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, endotesta, endotegmen, chlorophyll, germination

Griseliniaceae imperforate tracheary elements, sieve tube plastids, venation, cuticular waxes, tapetum, staminodia, microsporogenesis, infratectum, stigma type, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, testa multi-layered?, chlorophyll, germination

Grossulariaceae petiole bundles, cuticular waxes, infratectum, germination

Grubbiaceae sieve tube plastids, ptyxis, tapetum, microsporogenesis, H-shaped endoapertures?, stigma type, integument thickness, embryogenesis, endotesta, chlorophyll, germination

Guamatelaceae phellogen, vessel elements, imperforate tracheary elements, wood rays, axial parenchyma, sieve tube plastids, crystals, ptyxis, stomata, cuticular waxes, nectary, disc, tapetum, microsporogenesis, pollen ?-cellular, stigma type, placentation, ovules anatropous?, bitegmic?, crassinucellate?, micropyle, integument thickness, megagametophyte, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, exotesta, endotesta, tegmen, embryo, chlorophyll, germination

Gunneraceae phellogen, lateral pits, imperforate tracheary elements, axial parenchyma, nodes, ptyxis, cuticular waxes, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, exotesta, endotesta, tegmen, chlorophyll, germination

Gyrostemonaceae nodes, cuticular waxes, stigma type, pistillodium, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, chlorophyll, germination – phylogeny

Haemodoraceae axial parenchyma, nodes, styloids, endosperm haustoria, chlorophyll, germination

Halophytaceae phellogen, vessels, imperforate tracheary elements, axial parenchyma, nodes, ptyxis, petiole bundles, cuticular waxes, tapetum, microsporogenesis, pollen ?-cellular, micropyle, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, testa, tegmen, chlorophyll, germination

Haloragaceae phellogen, imperforate tracheary elements, axial parenchyma, colleters, pistillodium, endosperm haustoria

Hamamelidaceae thickness of inner integument, endosperm haustoria

Hanguanaceae lateral pits, axial parenchyma, nodes, pollen ?-cellular, infratectum, stigma type, micropyle, integument thickness, megagametophyte, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, germination

Heliconiaceae lateral pits, axial parenchyma, nodes, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, chlorophyll, germination

Helwingiaceae phellogen, sieve tube plastids, crystals, petiole bundles, infratectum, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, chlorophyll, germination

Hemerocallidaceae phellogen, lateral pits, axial parenchyma, nodes, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, germination

Hernandiaceae crystals, ptyxis, cuticular waxes, micropyle, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, chlorophyll

Herreriaceae phellogen, lateral pits, axial parenchyma, nodes, hairs, stigma type, micropyle, nucellar cap, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, endotesta, tegmen, chlorophyll, germination

Himantandraceae cortical vascular tissue, ptyxis, petiole bundles, obturator, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis

Huaceae phellogen, nodes, ptyxis, nectary, tapetum, microsporogenesis, infratectum, stigma type, crassinucellate?, micropyle, integument thickness, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, endotegmen, chlorophyll, germination

Humiriaceae petiole bundles, cuticular waxes, pollen ?-cellular, stigma type, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, endotesta, endotegmen, germination

Hyacinthaceae lateral pits, axial parenchyma, nodes, ptyxis, exine sculpturing, micropyle, inner integument thickness, endosperm haustoria

Hydatellaceae epidermis initiated from outer cortical layer?, lateral pits, imperforate tracheary elements, parenchyma, nodes, ptyxis, tapetum, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, chlorophyll

Hydnoraceae crystals, nucellar cap, endosperm haustoria, germination

Hydrangeaceae cuticular waxes, embryogenesis, aril, endotesta, germination

Hydrastidaceae phellogen, lateral pits, wood rays, axial parenchyma, nodes, crystals, hairs, anthers extrorse?, stigma type, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis

Hydrocharitaceae lateral pits, axial parenchyma, nodes

Hydroleaceae phellogen, vessel elements, lateral pits, imperforate tracheary elements, wood rays, axial parenchyma, sieve tube plastids, nodes, crystals, ptyxis, stomata, cuticular waxes, tapetum, microsporogenesis, pollen grains ?-cellular, exine, infratectum, sculpturing, stigma type, embryogenesis, aril, chlorophyll, germination

Hydrostachyaceae imperforate tracheary elements, axial parenchyma, sieve tube plastids, nodes, ptyxis, venation, cuticular waxes, infratectum, stigma type, endotesta, embryo, chlorophyll

Hypericaceae ptyxis, colleters, outer integument thickness, filiform apparatus, endosperm haustoria, endotesta, endotegmen

Hypoxidaceae lateral pits, axial parenchyma, endotesta, exotegmen, chlorophyll, germination

Icacinaceae cuticular waxes, infratectum, stigma type, integument thickness, embryogenesis

Iridaceae phellogen, lateral pits, wood rays, axial parenchyma, endosperm haustoria

Irvingiaceae nodes, hairs, cuticular waxes, staminodia, microsporogenesis, exine, infratectum, sculpturing, stigma type, micropyle, outer integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, tegmen, embryo, chlorophyll, germination

Iteaceae imperforate tracheary elements, petiole bundles, cuticular waxes, pistillodium, micropyle, integument thickness, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, tegmen, chlorophyll, germination

Ixerbaceae sieve tube plastids, ptyxis, cuticular waxes, tapetum, microsporogenesis, stigma type, micropyle, integument thickness, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, endotesta, tegmen, chlorophyll, germination

Ixiolirionaceae lateral pits, axial parenchyma, nodes, ptyxis, cuticular waxes, micropyle, hypostase, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, germination

Ixonanthaceae phellogen, hairs, stigma type, outer integument thickness, megagametophyte, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, testa, chlorophyll, germination

Joinvilleaceae lateral pits, axial parenchyma, nodes, mesophyll with fusoid cells?, stigma type, ovule tenuinucellate?, nucellar cap, megagametophyte Allium-type?, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, tegmen, chlorophyll, hypocotyl, hypocotyl internode, mesocotyl, cotyledon hyperphyll, coleoptile, plumule, collar hairs, germination

Juglandaceae cuticular waxes, endosperm haustoria, testa

Juncaceae lateral pits, axial parenchyma, nodes, ptyxis, cuticular waxes, infratectum, endosperm haustoria, germination

Juncaginaceae axial parenchyma, sieve tube plastids, nodes, ptyxis, micropyle, inner integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, perisperm, chlorophyll

Kewaceae phellogen, secondary lateral growth, vessel elements, imperforate tracheary elements, wood rays, axial parenchyma, nodes, ptyxis, petiole vascular bundles, stomata, tapetum, microsporogenesis, pollen grains, ?-cellular at dispersal, exine, infratectum, sculpturing, stigma type, ovules, micropyle ?-stomal, integument thickness, obturator, parietal tissue, megagametophyte, endosperm haustoria, exotesta, endotesta, exotegmen, embryo, chlorophyll, radicula, germination

Kirkiaceae phellogen, crystals, ptyxis, exine, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, exotesta, endotesta, tegmen, chlorophyll, germination

Koeberliniaceae sieve tube plastids, nodes, crystals, ptyxis, petiole bundles, venation, cuticular waxes, stigma type, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, chlorophyll, germination

Krameriaceae ptyxis, tapetum, microsporogenesis, pollen ?-cellular, stigma type, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, endotesta, chlorophyll, germination

Lacistemataceae hairs, ptyxis, cuticular waxes, tapetum, microsporogenesis, stigma type, micropyle, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, aril, tegmen, chlorophyll, germination

Lactoridaceae phellogen, cambium/wood storied, crystals, petiole vascular bundles, tapetum, microsporogenesis, pollen ?-cellular at dispersal, stigma type, micropyle ?-stomal, integument thickness, hypostase, embryogenesis, tegmen, perisperm, chlorophyll, germination

Lamiaceae cuticular waxes, endotesta

Lanariaceae vessel elements, axial parenchyma, nodes, ptyxis, leaf sheath closed?, cuticular waxes, stigma type, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, endotesta, embryo, chlorophyll, cotyledon, germination

Lardizabalaceae endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, chlorophyll

Laxmanniaceae phellogen, lateral pits, imperforate tracheary elements, wood rays, axial parenchyma, nodes, hairs, cuticular waxes, pistillodium, micropyle, parietal cell, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, chlorophyll – phylogeny

Lecythidaceae endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, endotesta, tegmen, chlorophyll

Ledocarpaceae phellogen, ptyxis, petiole bundles, tapetum, microsporogenesis, pollen ?-cellular, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, endotesta, tegmen, germination

Lentibulariaceae vessel elements, lateral pits, imperforate tracheary elements, axial parenchyma, nodes, crystals, ptyxis, petiole bundles, cuticular waxes, endotesta

Lepidobotryaceae phellogen, imperforate tracheary elements, ptyxis, petiole bundles, cuticular waxes, pollen ?-cellular, stigma type, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, testa, endotegmen, chlorophyll, germination

Liliaceae lateral pits, axial parenchyma, nodes, inner integument thickness, endosperm haustoria

Limeaceae phellogen, vessel elements, lateral pits, imperforate tracheary elements, wood rays, axial parenchyma, nodes, ptyxis, petiole bundles, venation, stomata, cuticular waxes, nectary, microsporogenesis, pollen ?-cellular, stigma type, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, tegmen, embryo curved?, chlorophyll, germination

Limnanthaceae petiole bundles, cuticular waxes

Linderniaceae phellogen, vessel elements, lateral pits, vestured pits, imperforate tracheary elements, wood rays, axial parenchyma, crystals, ptyxis, petiole bundles, stomata, cuticular waxes, nectary, pollen ?-cellular, exine, placentation, ovules, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, aril, exotesta, endotesta, embryo, chlorophyll

Linnaeaceae nodes, crystals, petiole bundles, cuticular waxes, stigma type, integument thickness, megagametophyte, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, exotesta, endotesta, germination

Loasaceae nodes, ptyxis, stipules, cuticular waxes, stigma type, endotesta

Loganiaceae petiole bundles, cuticular waxes, endotesta, chlorophyll

Lophiocarpaceae phellogen, vessel elements, lateral pits, imperforate tracheary elements, wood rays, axial parenchyma, hairs, ptyxis, petiole bundles, venation, stomata, pollen tricellular, stigma type, micropyle, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, testa, tegmen, chlorophyll, germination

Lophopyxidaceae phellogen, lateral pits, imperforate tracheary elements, wood rays, axial parenchyma, sieve tube plastids, nodes, crystals, ptyxis, cuticular waxes, tapetum, microsporogenesis, pollen ?-cellular, exine, infratectum, sculpturing, stigma type, pistillode, crassinucellate?, micropyle, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, testa, endotegmen, chlorophyll, germination

Loranthaceae ptyxis, petiole bundles, cuticular waxes, stigma type, pistillodium

Lowiaceae lateral pits, axial parenchyma, nodes, tapetum, microsporogenesis, pollen ?-cellular, micropyle, micropylar collar, megagametophyte, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, tegmen, chlorophyll, collar, germination

Luzuriagaceae phellogen, lateral pits, wood rays, axial parenchyma, nodes, integument thickness, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, endotesta, tegmen, chlorophyll, germination

Lythraceae cuticular waxes, pistillodium, endosperm haustoria

Macarthuriaceae phellogen, vessel elements, imperforate tracheary elements, wood rays, axial parenchyma, nodes, ptyxis, petiole vascular bundles, venation, stomata, cuticular waxes, nectarymicrosporogenesis, pollen grains ?-cellular at dispersal, stigma type, integument thickness, parietal tissue, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, tegmen, chlorophyll, germination

Maesaceae phellogen, imperforate tracheary elements, sieve tube plastids, nodes, stomata, cuticular waxes, staminodia, microsporogenesis, stigma, pistillodium, micropyle, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, exotesta, tegmen, chlorophyll, germination

Magnoliaceae ptyxis, petiole bundles, endosperm haustoria

Malesherbiaceae ptyxis, colleters, tapetum, microsporogenesis, pollen ?-cellular, outer integument thickness, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, tegmen, chlorophyll, germination

Malpighiaceae ptyxis, colleter, integument thickness, operculum, testa, chlorophyll

Malvaceae pistillodium, integument thickness, endotegmen

Marantaceae lateral pits, axial parenchyma, nodes, tapetum, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria

Marcgraviaceae petiole bundles, integument thickness, embryogenesis, endotesta, tegmen, chlorophyll

Martyniaceae nodes, crystals, ptyxis, cuticular waxes, extrafloral nectaries, stigma type, integument thickness, aril, chlorophyll

Maundiaceae axial parenchyma, sieve tube plastids, nodes, ptyxis, stomata, microsporogenesis, pollen grains ?-cellular, micropyle ?-stomal, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, perisperm, chlorophyll

Mayacaceae lateral pits, axial parenchyma, nodes, cuticular waxes, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, endotesta, tegmen, hypocotyl, hypocotyl internode, mesocotyl, cotyledon hyperphyll, coleoptile, plumule, collar hairs, germination

Mazaceae phellogen, vessel elements, imperforate tracheary elements, wood rays, axial parenchyma, crystals, ptyxis, petiole vascular bundles, cuticular waxes, stigma type, hypostase, synergids, antipodal cells, embryogenesis, aril, exotesta, endotesta, chlorophyll, germination

Medusagynaceae ptyxis, tapetum, microsporogenesis, pollen ?-cellular, stigma type, micropyle, megagametophyte, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, endotesta, endotegmen, chlorophyll, germination

Medusandraceae nodes, ptyxis, cuticular waxes, tapetum, microsporogenesis, pollen ?-celled, stigma type, bitegmic?, crassinucellate?, micropyle, integument thickness, megagametophyte, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, exotestal cells, endotesta, tegmen, chlorophyll, germination

Melanthiaceae lateral pits, axial parenchyma, nodes, ptyxis, pistillodium, endosperm haustoria, exotesta, endotesta, germination

Melastomataceae cuticular waxes, pistillodium, endosperm haustoria, endotesta, perisperm

Meliaceae petiole bundles, cuticular waxes, endosperm haustoria, endotegmen

Melianthaceae endosperm haustoria

Memecylaceae phellogen, vestured pits, cuticular waxes, pistillodium, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, operculum, endotesta, endotegmen

Menispermaceae ptyxis, endosperm haustoria, chlorophyll

Menyanthaceae phellogen, lateral pits, imperforate tracheary elements, crystals, cuticular waxes, chlorophyll, germination

Metteniusaceae phellogen, sieve tube plastids, cuticular waxes, microsporogenesis, pollen ?-cellular, exine, infratectum, stigma type, megagametophyte, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, exotestal cells, endotesta, chlorophyll, germination

Microteaceae phellogen, perforation plates, lateral pits, tracheary xylem elements, wood rays, axial parenchyma, ptyxis, petiole bundles, venation, stomata, pollen ?-cellular, stigma type, micropyle, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, tegmen, chlorophyll, germination

Misodendraceae phellogen, nodes, ptyxis, petiole bundles, cuticular waxes, tapetum, microsporogenesis, stigma type

Mitrastemonaceae imperforate tracheary elements, sieve tube plastids, crystals, venation, tapetum, microsporogenesis, stigma type, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, endotesta, chlorophyll, germination

Molluginaceae phellogen, lateral pits, imperforate tracheary elements, wood rays, axial parenchyma, ptyxis, petiole bundles, exine, stigma type, pistillodium, inner integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, exotesta, germination

Monimiaceae petiole bundles, cuticular waxes, pistillodium, endosperm haustoria, exotesta

Montiaceae phellogen, lateral pits, axial parenchyma, ptyxis, petiole bundles, venation, pistillodium, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, endotesta, tegmen

Montiniaceae phellogen, ptyxis, cuticular waxes, tapetum, microsporogenesis, stigma type, tenuinucellate?, integument thickness, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, aril, endotesta, chlorophyll

Moraceae ptyxis, petiole bundles, cuticular waxes, endosperm haustoria, tegmen

Morinaceae phellogen, lateral pits, wood rays, axial parenchyma, crystals, petiole bundles, cuticular waxes, stigma type, chlorophyll, germination

Moringaceae phellogen, nodes, ptyxis, petiole bundles, stigma type, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria

Muntingiaceae stomata, cuticular waxes, staminodia, stigma type, pistillodium, endosperm haustoria, endotegmen, chlorophyll, germination – phylogeny

Musaceae lateral pits, axial parenchyma, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, endotesta, chlorophyll, germination

Myodocarpaceae phellogen, wood rays, sieve tube plastids, nodes, crystals, hairs, ptyxis, petiole bundles, stomata, cuticular waxes, anthers ?-fixed, introrse?, tapetum, microsporogenesis, stigmas, placentation, ovule ?-tropous, integument thickness, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, exotestal cells, endotesta, chlorophyll, germination

Myricaceae cuticular waxes, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, seed pachychalazal?, chlorophyll

Myristicaceae stigma type, obturator, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis

Myrothamnaceae phellogen, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, endotesta, tegmen, embryo differentiation, chlorophyll, germination

Myrsinaceae petiole bundles, cuticular waxes, pistillodium, exotesta – phylogeny

Myrtaceae nodes, ptyxis, endosperm haustoria, endotegmen

Mystropetalaceae imperforate tracheary elements, axial parenchyma, nodes, tapetum, stigma type, micropyle ?-stomal, megagametophyte, chlorophyll

Nartheciaceae lateral pits, axial parenchyma, sieve tube plastids, nodes, hairs, ptyxis, microsporogenesis, stigma type, pistillodium, micropyle, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, exotesta, endotesta, embryo, chlorophyll, collar rhizoids, germination

Nelumbonaceae simple pits, axial parenchyma, nodes, petiole bundles, nectary, endosperm haustorium

Nepenthaceae crystals, cuticular waxes, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, tegmen, chlorophyll

Neuradaceae phellogen, cambium storied?, imperforate tracheary elements, wood rays, axial parenchyma, ptyxis, petiole bundles, nectary, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, chlorophyll – phylogeny

Nitrariaceae ptyxis, endosperm haustoria, exotegmen

Nothofagaceae sclereid cavities, petiole bundles, cuticular waxes, domatia, mucilage cells, staminodia, pistillodium, lateral caecum, porogamy, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, testa, germination

Nyctaginaceae ptyxis, petiole bundles, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, tegmen

Nymphaeaceae phellogen, lateral pits, axial parenchyma, petiole bundle, megagametophyte development

Nyssaceae vestured pits, sieve tube plastids, cuticular waxes, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, endotesta, chlorophyll

Ochnaceae cuticular waxes, pistillodium, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, endotegmen, chlorophyll – phylogeny

Octoknemaceae sieve tube plastids, cuticular waxes, stigma type, micropyle, integument thickness, embryogenesis, exotesta, endotesta, tegmen, chlorophyll, germination

Olacaceae sieve tube plastids, Garside’s rule, stigma type, pistillodium, integument thickness, embryogenesis, exotesta, endotesta, chlorophyll

Oleaceae nodes

Oliniaceae sieve tube plastids, ptyxis, petiole bundles, cuticular waxes, stigma type, pistillodium, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, endotegmen, chlorophyll, germination

Onagraceae endosperm haustoria

Oncothecaceae wood rays, cuticular waxes, nectary, tapetum, microsporogenesis, pollen ?-cellular, stigma type, integument thickness, megagametophyte, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, exotesta, endotesta, chlorophyll, germination

Opiliaceae sieve tube plastids, ptyxis, cuticle waxes, stigma type, pistillodium, integument thickness, chlorophyll

Orchidaceae lateral pits, axial parenchyma, nodes

Orobanchaceae phellogen, imperforate tracheary elements, wood rays, nodes, crystals, ptyxis, petiole bundles, stomata, cuticular waxes

Oxalidaceae endosperm haustoria – phylogeny

Pandaceae phellogen, sieve tube plastids, nodes, pollen ?-cellular, stigma type, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, endotesta, chlorophyll

Pandanaceae phellogen, lateral pits, wood rays, axial parenchyma, nodes, stigma type, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, chlorophyll, germination

Papaveraceae phellogen, ptyxis, endosperm haustoria

Paracryphiaceae ptyxis, cuticular waxes, stigma type, integument thickness, embryogenesis, chlorophyll, germination

Parnassiaceae phellogen, lateral pits, imperforate tracheary elements, wood rays, axial parenchyma, sieve tube plastids, crystals, ptyxis, cuticular waxes, embryogenesis, embryogenesis, chlorophyll, germination

Passifloraceae phellogen, colleters, petiole bundles, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, endotegmen

Paulowniaceae vestured pits, imperforate tracheary elements, sieve tube plastids, nodes, crystals, ptyxis, stomata, cuticular waxes, nectary, tapetum, microsporogenesis, pollen ?-cellular, exine, infratectum, stigma type, placentation, ovules, integument thickness, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, aril, endotesta, embryo, chlorophyll, germination

Pedaliaceae nodes, ptyxis, cuticular waxes, infratectum, sculpturing, aril, endotesta, chlorophyll

Penaeaceae lateral pits bordered?, sieve tube plastids, crystals, ptyxis, petiole bundles, cuticular waxes, stigma type, outer integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, exotegmen, chlorophyll

Pennantiaceae phellogen, sieve tube plastids, ptyxis, cuticular waxes, tapetum, microsporogenesis, pollen ?-cellular, exine, ovary unilocular?, stigma type, ovules ?-nucellate, integument thickness, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, exotestal cells, endotesta, perisperm, endosperm, chlorophyll, germination

Pentadiplandraceae phellogen, vessel elements, lateral pits, imperforate tracheary elements, wood rays, axial parenchyma, sieve tube plastids, crystals, ptyxis, petiole bundles, cuticular waxes, tapetum, microsporogenesis, pollen ?-cellular, stigma type, ovules anatropous?, crassinucellate?, micropyle, integument thickness, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, testa, tegmen, germination

Pentaphragmataceae sieve tube plastids, nodes, ptyxis, petiole bundles, cuticular waxes, stigma type, chlorophyll, germination

Pentaphylacaceae phellogen, sieve tube plastids, nodes, crystals, cuticular waxes, staminodia, microsporogenesis, exine, infratectum, stigma type, pistillodium, micropyle, integument thickness, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, endotesta, tegmen, embryo, chlorophyll

Penthoraceae endodermis, lateral pits, crystals, cuticular waxes, pollen ?-cellular, infratectum, stigma type, micropyle, integument thickness, embryogenesis, chlorophyll, germination

Peraceae phellogen, sieve tube plastids, nodes, ptyxis, stomata, cuticular waxes, nectaries, tapetum, microsporogenesis, pollen ?-cellular, stigma type, ovules ?-tropous, megagametophyte, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, endotegmen, chlorophyll, germination

Peridiscaceae phellogen, sieve tube plastids, nodes, ptyxis, cuticular waxes, pollen ?-cellular, stigma type, bitegmic?, crassinucellate?, micropyle, integument thickness, megagametophyte, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, tegmen, embryo straight?, germination

Petenaeaceae phellogen, sieve tube plastids, nodes, crystals, ptyxis, stomata, cuticular waxes, tapetum, microsporogenesis, pollen ?-celled, infratectum, stigma type, ovules, micropyle, megagametophyte, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, testa, exotestal cells, endotesta, tegmen, endosperm, embryo, chlorophyll, germination

Petermanniaceae phellogen, lateral pits, wood rays, axial parenchyma, nodes, cuticular waxes, infratectum, micropyle, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, chlorophyll, germination

Petiveriaceae petiole bundles, cuticular waxes, stigma type, pistillodium, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis – phylogeny

Petrosaviaceae lateral pits, axial parenchyma, nodes, ptyxis, leaf-sheath, cuticular waxes, stigma type, embryogenesis, chlorophyll, germination

Phellinaceae phellogen, ptyxis, tapetum, microsporogenesis, pollen ?-cellular, stigma type, integument thickness, megagametophyte, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, endotesta, chlorophyll, germination

Philesiaceae phellogen, lateral pits, wood rays, axial parenchyma, nodes, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, exotegmen, endotegmen, chlorophyll, germination

Philydraceae lateral pits, axial parenchyma, nodes, cuticular waxes, micropyle, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, chlorophyll

Phrymaceae phellogen, vessel elements, lateral pits, imperforate tracheary elements, wood rays, axial parenchyma, crystals, ptyxis, petiole bundles, cuticular waxes, stigma type, aril, exotesta, endotesta, chlorophyll

Phyllanthaceae phellogen, sieve tube plastids, petiole bundles, cuticular waxes, endosperm haustoria, aril, germination

Phyllonomaceae phellogen, imperforate tracheary elements, crystals, ptyxis, stomata, cuticular waxes, stigma type, integument thickness, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, endotesta, chlorophyll, germination

Physenaceae sieve tube plastids, ptyxis, cuticular waxes, tapetum, microsporogenesis, pollen ?-cellular, integument thickness, megagametophyte, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, exotesta, endotesta, tegmen, chlorophyll, germination

Phytolaccaceae petiole bundles, staminodia, stigma type, pistillodium, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, tegmen – phylogeny

Picramniaceae sieve tube plastids, nodes, petiole bundles, cuticular waxes, nectary, tapetum, stigma type, integument thickness, tegmen, chlorophyll, germination

Picrodendraceae phellogen, sieve tube plastids, nodes, ptyxis, cuticular waxes, tapetum, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, testa, endotegmen, germination

Piperaceae chlorophyll, radicula ephemeral?

Pittosporaceae infratectum, pistillodium, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, endotesta

Plantaginaceae crystals, ptyxis, petiole bundles, cuticular waxes – phylogeny

Platanaceae channels in parenchyma, micropyle, Polygonum type?, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, chlorophyll

Plocospermataceae phellogen, vestured pits, sieve tube plastids, nodes, ptyxis, tapetum, microsporogenesis, pollen ?-cellular, infratectum, integument thickness, megagametophyte, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, aril, testa, chlorophyll, germination

Plumbaginaceae crystals, integument thickness, exotesta

Poaceae lateral pits, axial parenchyma, nodes, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, testa, tegmen

Podostemaceae parenchyma, ptyxis, petiole bundles, stigma type, integument thickness, endotesta, chlorophyll

Polemoniaceae crystals, cuticular waxes, aril

Polygalaceae ptyxis, petiole bundles, staminodia, pistillodium, endosperm haustoria, tegmen

Polygonaceae integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, exotesta, endotesta, tegmen

Pontederiaceae lateral pits, imperforate tracheary elements, axial parenchyma, nodes, ptyxis, inner integument thickness, chlorophyll, germination

Portulacaceae wood rays, axial parenchyma, sieve tube plastids, ptyxis, petiole bundles, venation, nectary, pollen tricellular?, ovule anatropous?, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, testa, tegmen, germination

Posidoniaceae axial parenchyma, nodes, ptyxis, tapetum, microsporogenesis, stigma type, micropyle, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, chlorophyll, germination

Potamogetonaceae lateral pits, axial parenchyma, nodes, endosperm haustoria, tegmen

Primulaceae phellogen, wood rays, axial parenchyma, crystals, petiole bundles, exotegmen

Prioniaceae axial parenchyma, nodes, ligule, silica bodies, anthers latrorse?, infratectum, stigma type, endosperm haustoria, cotyledon hyperphyll, mesocotyl

Proteaceae crystals, petiole bundles, pistillodium, endotegmen

Pteridophyllaceae phellogen, lateral pits, imperforate tracheary elements, wood rays, nodes, crystals, ptyxis, petiole bundles, cuticle waxes, nectary, tapetum, microsporogenesis, infratectum, stigma type, integument thickness, megagametophyte, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, chlorophyll, germination

Pterostemonaceae lateral pits, fibres, wood rays heterocellular?, crystals, ptyxis, petiole bundles, cuticular waxes, pollen ?-cellular, infratectum, stigma type, ovules anatropous, micropyle, integument thickness, megagametophyte, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, aril, tegmen, chlorophyll, endosperm, germination

Putranjivaceae phellogen, sieve tube plastids, nodes, ptyxis, stomata, cuticular waxes, nectary, staminodia, infratectum, stigma type, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, endotesta, chlorophyll, germination

Quiinaceae phellogen, hairs, ptyxis, cuticular waxes, tapetum, microsporogenesis, pollen ?-cellular, micropyle, integument thickness, megagametophyte, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, testa, tegmen, chlorophyll

Quillajaceae lateral pits, imperforate tracheary elements, wood rays, axial parenchyma, sieve tube plastids, crystals, hairs, stomata, cuticular waxes, tapetum, microsporogenesis, pollen ?-cellular, stigma type, crassinucellate?, micropyle, integument thickness, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, endotesta, embryo, chlorophyll, germination

Rafflesiaceae axial parenchyma, nodes, crystals, hairs, ptyxis, androgynophore, tapetum, pollen surface, stigma type, inner integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, chlorophyll, germination

Ranunculaceae endosperm haustoria

Rapateaceae axial parenchyma, nodes, stigma type, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, hypocotyl, hypocotyl internode, mesocotyl, cotyledon hyperphyll, plumule, collar rhizoids, germination

Rehmanniaceae phellogen, vessel elements, lateral pits, vestured pits, imperforate tracheary elements, axial parenchyma, sieve tube plastids, crystals, ptyxis, stomata, cuticular waxes, calyx aestivation, nectary, anthers ?-fixed, introrse?, tapetum, microsporogenesis, pollen ?-cellular, stigma type, placentation, ovules, integument thickness, endosperm development, embryogenesis, exotesta, endotesta, endosperm, embryo, chlorophyll, germination

Resedaceae phellogen, crystals, ptyxis, petiole bundles, cuticular waxes, endosperm haustoria, exotesta

Restionaceae axial parenchyma, nodes, ptyxis, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, endotesta, tegmen, chlorophyll

Rhabdodendraceae phellogen, nodes, cuticular waxes, stigma type, pistillodium, micropyle, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, tegmen

Rhamnaceae endosperm haustoria, endotesta

Rhipogonaceae phellogen, lateral pits, wood rays, axial parenchyma, nodes, cuticular waxes, micropyle, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, tegmen, chlorophyll, germination

Rhizophoraceae petiole bundles, cuticular waxes, embryogenesis, endotegmen

Rhoipteleaceae phellogen, crystals, ptyxis, petiole bundles, cuticular waxes, tapetum, staminodia, microsporogenesis, stigma type, pistillodium, micropyle, integument thickness, chalazogamy, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, tegmen, chlorophyll, germination

Rhynchocalycaceae vestured pits, sieve tube plastids, ptyxis, cuticular waxes, stigma type, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, endotesta, tegmen, chlorophyll, germination

Roridulaceae mycorrhiza, phellogen, nodes, petiole bundles, cuticular waxes, stigma type, integument thickness, hypostase, aril, endotesta, chlorophyll

Rosaceae petiole bundles, pistillodium, endotesta, exotegmen

Rousseaceae phellogen, ptyxis, cuticular waxes, stigma type, embryogenesis, chlorophyll, germination

Rubiaceae cuticular waxes, endosperm haustoria, aril

Ruppiaceae axial parenchyma, nodes, ptyxis, endosperm haustoria, exotesta, endotesta, endotegmen, perisperm, chlorophyll, germination

Ruscaceae phellogen, lateral pits, wood rays, axial parenchyma, nodes, endosperm haustoria, germination

Rutaceae pistillodium, endotegmen

Sabiaceae microsporogenesis, pistillodium, embryogenesis, testa, chlorophyll

Salicaceae nodes, endosperm haustoria

Salvadoraceae petiole bundles, stigma type, chlorophyll

Samolaceae phellogen, vessel elements, lateral pits, imperforate tracheary elements, wood rays, axial parenchyma, sieve tube plastids, nodes, crystals, ptyxis, cuticular waxes, tapetum, microsporogenesis, infratectum, stigma type, micropyle, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, aril, endotesta, exotegmen, chlorophyll, germination

Santalaceae ptyxis, petiole bundles, stigma type, integument thickness

Sapindaceae endosperm haustoria, endotegmen

Sapotaceae cuticular waxes, pistillodium, integument thickness, embryogenesis

Sarcobataceae phellogen, nodes, hairs, ptyxis, petiole bundles, venation, stomata, cuticular waxes, raphides, tapetum, microsporogenesis, pollen tricellular?, sculpturing, stigma type, campylotropous?, funicle, micropyle, integument thickness, megagametophyte, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, exotesta, endotesta, tegmen, germination

Sarcolaenaceae phellogen, lateral pits, secretory canals, cuticular waxes, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, exotesta, endotesta, endotegmen, chlorophyll, germination

Sarraceniaceae phellogen, nodes, crystals, hairs, ptyxis, venation, hypostase, endosperm haustoria, aril, chlorophyll

Saururaceae hairs, aril, exotesta

Saxifragaceae lateral pits, imperforate tracheary elements, axial parenchyma, cuticular waxes, staminodia, aril

Scheuchzeriaceae axial parenchyma, nodes, ptyxis, microsporogenesis, endosperm haustoria, tegmen, perisperm

Schisandraceae hairs, pistillodium, endosperm haustoria

Schlegeliaceae bisexual, phellogen, vestured pits, imperforate tracheary elements, sieve tube plastids, eglandular hairs, ptyxis, cuticular waxes, anthers ?-fixed, introrse?, tapetum, microsporogenesis, pollen ?-cellular, stigma type, ovules, integument thickness, megagametophyte, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, aril, endotesta, chlorophyll – phylogeny

Schoepfiaceae phellogen, sieve tube plastids, crystals, ptyxis, petiole bundles, cuticular waxes, epidermal cells, tapetum, microsporogenesis, stigma type, ovules crassinucellar?, integument thickness, megagametophyte, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, endosperm, chlorophyll, cotyledons, germination

Scrophulariaceae petiole bundles, cuticular waxes, extrafloral nectaries

Setchellanthaceae sieve tube plastids, ptyxis, cuticular waxes, tapetum, microsporogenesis, pollen ?-cellular, micropyle, integument thickness, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, endotegmen, chlorophyll

Simaroubaceae petiole bundles, cuticular waxes, tegmen

Simmondsiaceae petiole bundles, cuticular waxes, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, chlorophyll

Siparunaceae crystals, cuticular waxes, nectary, stigma type, micropyle, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, exotesta, endotesta, tegmen

Sladeniaceae sieve tube plastids, nodes, ptyxis, cuticular waxes, infratectum, stigma type, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, chlorophyll, germination

Smilacaceae phellogen, lateral pits, wood rays, axial parenchyma, nodes, cuticular waxes, micropyle, integument thickness, antipodal cells, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, chlorophyll, germination

Solanaceae colleters, cuticular waxes, pistillodium

Sphaerosepalaceae cuticular waxes, pollen ?-cellular, stigma type, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, endotegmen, chlorophyll, germination

Sphenocleaceae imperforate tracheary elements, wood rays, sieve tube plastids, nodes, hairs, ptyxis, cuticular waxes, integument thickness, chlorophyll

Stachyuraceae hairs, chlorophyll, germination

Staphyleaceae ptyxis, staminodia, pistillodium, embryogenesis

Stegnospermataceae nodes, ptyxis, petiole bundles, cuticular waxes, microsporogenesis, stigma type, micropyle, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, endotesta, exotegmen, chlorophyll, germination

Stemonaceae lateral pits, axial parenchyma, nodes, stigma type, endosperm haustoria, chlorophyll, germination

Stemonuraceae ptyxis, cuticular waxes, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, tegmen, chlorophyll, germination

Stilbaceae sieve tube plastids, petiole bundles, tapetum, microsporogenesis, pollen ?-cellular, integument thickness, embryogenesis, aril, exotesta, endotesta, chlorophyll, germination

Strasburgeriaceae phellogen, petiole bundles, tapetum, microsporogenesis, pollen grains ?-cellular, infratectum, stigma type, megagametophyte, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, endotesta, tegmen, chlorophyll, germination

Strelitziaceae phellogen, lateral pits, wood rays, axial parenchyma, nodes, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, chlorophyll, germination

Strombosiaceae sieve tube plastids, cuticular waxes, tapetum, microsporogenesis, stigma type, micropyle, integument thickness, embryogenesis, exotesta, endotesta, tegmen, germination

Stylidiaceae crystals, ptyxis, cuticular waxes, infratectum, aril, exotesta, endothelium, chlorophyll

Styracaceae cuticular waxes, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, aril, tegmen

Surianaceae ptyxis

Symplocaceae petiole bundles, cuticular waxes, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, endotesta, chlorophyll

Taccaceae lateral pits, axial parenchyma, nodes, cuticular waxes, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, germination

Talinaceae vessel elements, lateral pits, wood rays, axial parenchyma, sieve tube plastids, nodes, ptyxis, petiole bundles, venation, cuticular waxes, tapetum, microsporogenesis, pollen tricellular?, ovules anatropous?, micropyle, integument thickness, megagametophyte, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, exotesta, endotesta, tegmen, endosperm, germination

Tamaricaceae nodes, ptyxis, venation, pistillodium, integument thickness

Tapisciaceae phellogen, sieve tube plastids, ptyxis, cuticular waxes, tapetum, staminodia, microsporogenesis, pollen ?-cellular, stigma type, pistillodium, micropyle, integument thickness, megagametophyte, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, exotesta, endotegmen, chlorophyll, germination

Tecophilaeaceae lateral pits, axial parenchyma, nodes, ptyxis, stigma type, inner integument thickness, embryogenesis, endotesta, tegmen, chlorophyll, germination

Ternstroemiaceae cuticular waxes, infratectum, stigma type, endosperm haustoria, endotesta, tegmen

Tetracarpaeaceae phellogen, imperforate tracheary elements, crystals, ptyxis, petiole bundles, cuticular waxes, hypanthium, pollen ?-cellular, infratectum, stigma type, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, tegmen, tegmen, chlorophyll, cotyledons, germination

Tetracentraceae crystals, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, aril, chlorophyll, germination

Tetrachondraceae vessel elements, lateral pits, wood rays, axial parenchyma, sieve tube plastids, nodes, crystals, ptyxis, petiole bundles, stomata, cuticular waxes, tapetum, microsporogenesis, pollen bicellular?, stigma type, aril, chlorophyll, germination

Tetramelaceae crystals, ptyxis, petiole bundles, cuticular waxes, stigma type, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, aril, endotesta, tegmen, chlorophyll, germination

Tetrameristaceae sieve tube plastids, cuticular waxes, tapetum, stigma type, micropyle, megagametophyte, endosperm development, endosperm haustorium, embryogenesis, tegmen, chlorophyll, germination

Theaceae endosperm haustoria, tegmen

Themidaceae lateral pits, axial parenchyma, nodes, mucilage cells, hairs, ptyxis, cuticular waxes, septal nectaries, infratectum, sculpturing, micropyle, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, chlorophyll, hypocotyl internode, cotyledon hyperphyll, germination

Theophrastaceae phellogen, sieve tube plastids, stomata, cuticular waxes, nectaries, pistillodium, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, endotesta, tegmen, chlorophyll

Thismiaceae stem endodermis, lateral pits, axial parenchyma, hairs, stigma type, embryogenesis, endotesta – phylogeny

Thomandersiaceae phellogen, vessel elements, lateral pits, vestured pits, wood rays, axial parenchyma, sieve tube plastids, ptyxis, cuticular waxes, tapetum, microsporogenesis, pollen ?-cellular, infratectum, stigma type, integument thickness, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, endotesta, chlorophyll, germination

Thurniaceae lateral pits, axial parenchyma, nodes, ptyxis, infratectum, endosperm haustoria, chlorophyll, mesocotyl, cotyledon hyperphyll

Thymelaeaceae pistillodium, endosperm haustoria

Ticodendraceae phellogen, non-dispersive protein bodies, ptyxis, petiole bundles, cuticular waxes, mucilage cells, microsporogenesis, stigma type, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, endotesta, chlorophyll

Tofieldiaceae lateral pits, axial parenchyma, nodes, hairs, ptyxis, stigma type, micropyle, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, chlorophyll

Torricelliaceae ptyxis, cuticular waxes, tapetum, microsporogenesis, pollen ?-cellular, stigma type, integument thickness, endosperm development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, endotesta, chlorophyll, germination

Tovariaceae phellogen, ptyxis, cuticular wax, stigma type, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, chlorophyll, germination

Trichopodaceae phellogen, axial parenchyma, nodes, crystals, stigma type, inner integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, hypocotyl internode, germination

Trigoniaceae ptyxis, cuticular waxes, tapetum, microsporogenesis, pollen ?-cellular, infratectum, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, endotesta, exotegmen – phylogeny

Trimeniaceae crystals, ptyxis, nectariferous disc, megagametophyte development, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, germination

Triuridaceae axial parenchyma, nodes, nectary, infratectum, stigma type, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, aril, chlorophyll, germination

Trochodendraceae crystals, endosperm haustoria, aril

Tropaeolaceae crystals, integument thickness

Turneraceae lateral pits, nodes, petiole bundles, cuticular waxes, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, chlorophyll

Typhaceae lateral pits, axial parenchyma, nodes, ptyxis, integument thickness, germination

Ulmaceae petiole bundles, cuticular waxes, endosperm haustoria, endotesta, tegmen

Urticaceae cuticular waxes, testa, tegmen, germination

Vahliaceae lateral pits, imperforate tracheary elements, wood rays, axial parenchyma, crystals, ptyxis, cuticular waxes, tapetum, stigma type, aril, tegmen, chlorophyll, germination

Valerianaceae nodes, crystals, ptyxis, petiole bundles, cuticular waxes, pistillodium, integument thickness, hypostase, endosperm haustoria, exotestal cells

Velloziaceae phellogen, lateral pits, wood rays, axial parenchyma, nodes, stigma type, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, chlorophyll, germination

Verbenaceae ptyxis, cuticular waxes, endotesta

Violaceae cuticular waxes, endosperm haustoria

Vitaceae cuticular waxes, staminodia, pistillodium, integument thickness, perisperm

Vochysiaceae petiole bundles, pollen ?-cellular, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, chlorophyll, germination – phylogeny

Winteraceae endosperm haustoria, chlorophyll

Xanthorrhoeaceae phellogen, lateral pits, wood rays, axial parenchyma, nodes, hairs, ptyxis, tapetum, inner integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, endotesta, chlorophyll

Xeronemataceae vessels in roots, vessel elements, lateral pits, axial parenchyma, nodes, ptyxis, stomata, cuticular waxes, disc, anthers basifixed?, microsporogenesis, style hollow, stigma type, micropyle, integument thickness, parietal cell, nucellar cap, endosperm haustoria, embryogenesis, endotesta, perisperm, embryo, chlorophyll, hypocotyl internode, cotyledon hyperphyll, germination

Ximeniaceae sieve tube plastids, Garside’s rule, stigma type, pistillodium, micropyle, integument thickness, exotesta, endotesta, tegmen, chlorophyll, germination

Xyridaceae axial parenchyma, nodes, ptyxis, infratectum, stigma type, germination – phylogeny

Zingiberaceae lateral pits, axial parenchyma, nodes, infratectum, integument thickness, endosperm haustoria

Zosteraceae axial parenchyma, nodes, ptyxis, stigma type, inner integument thickness, endosperm haustoria, perisperm, chlorophyll

Zygophyllaceae cuticular waxes, pistillodium, endosperm haustoria, exotegmen